Fairy tale: reflection of cultural experience and inculturation model

The main subject of research in the article is a fairy tale - a phenomenon, which essence and features represent culture. The analysis of the genesis and formation of forms, types and meanings of the phenomenon from archaic to the present day helped to reveal the fact of accumulation in the fairy tale of the essential content of worldview reflection-value systems, life-meaning positions, intellectual, moral and aesthetic orientations. In the course of studying fairy tales, the author found that their meanings were conditioned by natural and climatic features, ethnic originality, a set of norms and values characteristic of a particular socio-cultural space. The author clarifies that the fairy tale is not «the territory of childhood», as it, using complex tools, linguistic techniques, voluminous information and factual basis, formulates in the artistic image of cultural experience for all subjects. Thus, the study of tales in the dynamics of the global historical-cultural process of becoming a fabulous tradition, the transform of the phenomenon, allowed to characterize the tale as inculturation model scheme of gaining cultural competence of the subject, and to establish the role of tales in the creation of the social space.