Socio-economic research on youth employment problem in rural areas

The paper examines issues related to the socio-economic problems of the return of young professionals to the countryside. The purpose of the study was to identify the reasons for the lack of interest among young people in rural work and the formation of proposals for public authorities that contribute to the creation of conditions for the return of young people to the countryside. To achieve this goal, it was supposed to determine the factors influencing the decision of a young specialist to refuse to work in rural areas with the help of an analysis of the state of the labor potential of agriculture, a sociological survey of young people. Graduates of Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, school students and young people living in rural areas from various regions of the Krasnoyarsk Region took part in the survey. Almost all respondents identified low wages and a low level of social benefits (proper medical care, lack of necessary infrastructure, uncomfortable living conditions, poor mobile communications and the Internet, lack of leisure activities) as the main socio-economic problems. The sociological survey confirmed the analysis of the state of development of rural areas, namely the gap in wages by 1.5 times between agriculture and the average regional value, the low level of improvement of the housing stock. In resolving the issue of the return of young people to the countryside, the state policy is seen to be carried out in two directions: the development of the rural economy, which contributes to the growth of the income of the population; the formation of the necessary social conditions. In the first case, it is planned to develop non-agricultural business areas, in addition to existing industries; to provide vocational training for villagers to participate in new labor processes, and create preferential conditions for doing business in rural areas. The second direction should be based on the formation of social standards for the life support of rural areas, which contribute to the formation of a decent living environment for the villagers.