Social and cultural and aesthetic foundations of socialist realism

The official culture of the Soviet Russia - USSR always declared their opposition to the culture of the early twentieth century. However, it is the denial of the Bolsheviks achievements of the artistic intelligentsia of the turn of XIX-XX centuries became one of the foundations for the formation of new ideology and develop a different artistic language. The authors analyze the ideological basis for the formation of a new culture imposed by the Bolsheviks, about her perceptions. The introductory part of the article considers the causes of classification of the phenomena of culture and the assignment of representatives of the artistic intelligentsia to a certain category (“the hitcher”, “bourgeois”, etc.) immediately after the October revolution. Next, the reasons for sharp criticism from the party elite to the Russian avant-garde, there are similarities and differences in their approaches to the assessment of cultural heritage, functions of culture in the socio-political sphere, the use of expressive means of this or that kind of art culture. In the conclusion the coherence of the avant-garde and socialist realism, as some avant-garde ideas in the 1900-1910s and methods of their implementation are continued in the culture of Stalinism, creating a special artistic discourse, in which any decision with respect to culture acquires a political hue.