Sociological study of tolerance to migrants of the population of Chelyabinsk region: survey results

This article presents the data on the conducted sociological research in the city of Chelyabinsk. The level of tolerance of respondents by gender was determined. In December 2020 there were 41479 queries with the concept «tolerance» in the search engine «Yandex», which indicates its quite noticeable popularity in the verbal discourse. However, an analysis of the definitions of tolerance shows very significant differences in the positions of researchers. In English the word «tolerance» is translated as tolerance, toleration, permissible deviation; less frequently the word toleration is used to denote tolerance which has the following meanings: tolerance, toleration, religious tolerance; less used variant of denoting tolerance is the word torbearance, translated into Russian means: indulgence, tolerance, self-restraint. Consequently, in English there is no separate word to distinguish between tolerance and toleration. This situation is also inherent in German and French, where tolerance is translated as «toleranz» and «tolerance» respectively. Tolerance is inherent only in living matter and is represented in literature, at least in its biological, individual, social and sociological contents. Biological tolerance is the absence of an organism's effective response to stimuli; the content of individual tolerance is the individual's choice of non-action behavior in response to stimuli; social tolerance acts as tolerance; sociological tolerance is the proportion of individuals in the social community who chose tolerant behavior in response to social stimuli. Individual and social tolerance are the fundamental foundations of society's sustainability and successful development.