Soybean in the north-west of the Russian Federation

We have studied soybean samples from VIR collection in the conditions of Leningrad region (59°71’ N, 30°41’ E) to select genetic sources with characteristics of very early maturity, low photoperiodic sensitivity and cold temperature tolerance. In 1999-2015, one-year screening of samples state at the beginning of autumn was conducted (sowing - May 25, harvesting - September 10). The yield qualities of seeds were estimated only in 2015. None samples matured fully and dried in field. Samples with fully formed pods and yellow leaves were harvested into the bundles. There have been studied 2250 soybean samples and 342 ones were selected performed pods. Very early breeding cultivars and lines of various geographical origins were studied. Screening helped to select samples from 23 countries, including samples from Russia (79), Sweden (46) and Poland (41). Cultivars from Ryazan region and some samples from Sweden can ripen better than other samples. Not all early (in Krasnodar region) samples were capable to form pods in the conditions of the north-west of Russia. Samples which we have chosen can ripen in the Krasnodar region an interval from