Ratio of monocytes’ sub-populations in patients with acute myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus

The development of acute myocardial infarction is accompanied by the systemic inflammatory reaction. The key stone of the systemic inflammatory response is monocytes. According to the expression of CD14 and CD16 on their surface monocytes are devided into two groups: type 1 monocytes - "classical", CD14 + CD16- - have pro-inflammatory phenotype, type 2 monocytes - "nonclassical", CD14-CD16+ - participate in the tissue reparation. The interaction of these two systems affects the activity of atherosclerosis and the severity of acute myocardial infarction. Insulin resistance affects the maturation and activity of monocytes and can lead to disbalance in the processes of inflammation and reparation. 71 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included in this study: 1 group - 33 patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation, 2 group - 38 patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation. The count of leukocytes, monocytes and subpopulations of monocytes was evaluated in all patients by flow cytofluometry. It was found that in group 1 patients the relative content of type 2 monocytes is lower compared to patients from group 2. In patients without diabetes mellitus from the 2 group the content of type 2 monocytes is higher compared to patients with diabetes mellitus from the group and all patients of group 1. Thus, in patients with acute coronary syndrome with elevation of the ST segment and in patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus, regardless of the type of acute coronary syndrome, hyperactivity of monocytes with pro-inflammatory properties is observed.