Comparison of approaches to the study of sustainable poetic images

The article deals with the distinctive features of the concept of poetic image, characterizes the stability of poetic images in the aspect of comparing approaches to the study of stable poetic images in philology. The subject of this article is the comparison of similar terms used to refer to stable images that reflect various aspects of studying this object in literary studies and linguistics: motif, symbolic image, key words, “paradigm of images”, “poetic formula”, “conceptual metaphor”, and “poetic phraseology”. The main attention is paid to the problem of studying stable poetic images within the framework of the theory of invariance and paradigm of images. As a result of the research it was established that the figurative paradigm and poetic formula are universal abstract models based on the associative connection of distant concepts and phenomena. The structure of this model has a binary character: subject of image and subject as image; the left element of the paradigm is what is identified, while the right element is what the comparison is made against - e. g., the signified and the word as image, etc. Figurative paradigms and poetic formulas are revealed in the inter-textual relations of literary works. However, the poetic formula has the archetypical metaphorical nature, thematically restricted to the axiological aspects of being a human, and involves cognitive realization. Poetic phraseology is a linguistic form of figurative paradigms realization at the level of word combinations. The method of the figurative paradigm analysis and the intertextual analysis of poetic formulas gives researchers an opportunity to trace the paths of the formation and further evolution of poetic images, to identify the common, stereotypical and individual in the poetic oeuvre of one or several authors, and to reconstruct an individual or collective poetic picture of the world.