Varietal study of rare don autochthonous technical varieties of Vitis vinifera L. Pontica Negr

The purpose of research is to obtain experimental data to improve the varietal composition of vineyards in the regions of the northern industrial viticulture of the Russian Federation, in the selection of varieties with high biologically valuable indicators. The studies were carried out in the period 2012-2021 at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Russia). The paper presents the results of the study of rare autochthonous Don grapevine varieties: Bezymyanny Donskoy, Bessergenevsky No. 5, Kumshatsky Cherniy, Stariy Goryun and Sypun Cherniy belonging (according to A.M. Negrul's classification) to the group of varieties of the Black Sea basin (Vitis vinifera L. Pontica Negr.). Tsimlyansky Cherniy was studied as a control variety. The study was carried out according to the methods generally accepted in viticulture and National Standards. The data of meteorological observations during the years of study, phenological observations, agrobiological records and uvological characteristics of varieties are analyzed. The safety of buds in the covering shaft ranged from 69 % for StariyGoryun variety to 84 % for SypunCherniy variety. The number of fruitful shoots varied from 50 % in Bezymyanny Donskoy variety to 68 % in Sypun Cherniy variety. According to the average bunch weight, the variety Bezymyanny Donskoy stood out - 380 g, the weight of the bunch more than 200 g was noted in the varieties: Stary Goryun, Kumshatsky Cherniy and Bessergenevsky No. 5. The high yield of Bezymyanny Donskoy variety was - 165.5 kg/ ha. The mass concentration of sugars varied from 16.1 g/100 cm3 (Kumshatsky Cherniy) to 21.7 g/100 cm3 (Tsimlyansky Cherniy). The concentration of sugars in the juice of berries was more than 20 g/100 cm3 in the varieties: Sypun Cherniy and Stariy Goryun. The highest tasting score was given to dry wine from Sypun Cherniy variety - 8.7 points. According to a complex of economically valuable traits, the varieties Sypun Cherniy and Bessergenevsky No. 5 stood out, and can be recommended for cultivation in the conditions of the Lower Don region, in order to expand the range of high-quality wines.