The state of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow, arterial stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension and syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea / hypopnea

The aim was to conduct a comparative study of cerebral vascular tone indices in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and patients with AH associated with OSA in stimulation of cerebral blood flow natural stimuli using the methods of hypercapnia and hyperoxia, and the study of peripheral arterial stiffness. We examined 32 patients aged 28-60 years (11 women and 21 men) with AH 1 and 2 degrees, who have not received regular antihypertensive therapy, without a stroke and severe concomitant diseases in history. Eighteen patients had a verified diagnosis of OSA by polysomnography. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group included patients with AH, the 2nd group included patients with AH associated with OSA (>5 apneas / hour). Arterial blood pressure monitoring, the study of cerebrovascular reserve and arterial stiffness, echocardiography, biochemical blood test were performed to all patients. Significant increase in performance linear blood flow velocity in intracranial arteries without hemodynamically significant stenosis was revealed. In patients with AH associated with OSA enhanced cerebral blood flow response to hypercapnic stimuli was detected compared to patients with AH without OSA. In assessing the stiffness of the arteries there was a trend to higher rates of cardioankle vascular index CAVI in patients with AH associated with OSA.