State and prospects for sustainable dairy cattle breeding development in the Krasnoyarsk region

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the main production indicators of the dairy cattle breeding industry in the Krasnoyarsk Region on its economic efficiency and to determine the most relevant development directions for the future. A comparative analysis of statistical data on the dynamics of indicators of the development of the dairy cattle breeding industry from 2010 to 2019 was carried out. Research considers the main indicators characterizing the current state of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian Federation, the Siberian Federal District and the Krasnoyarsk Region - the volume of milk production and milk yield per 1 cow in agricultural organizations. For the main zones of the Krasnoyarsk Region, the share of cows in the total number of cattle from 2010 to 2019 is presented, as well as indicators of the economic efficiency of the production and sale of milk in agricultural organizations of the Krasnoyarsk Region. On the basis of the presented data, conclusions were drawn about a decrease in the efficiency of milk production and sales in connection with a decrease in profit from milk sales by 21.7 % and the level of profitability from 30.1 to 18.5 %. In accordance with the state program of the Krasnoyarsk Region "Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Product Markets", the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding in the Region should be aimed primarily at a steady increase in milk production to a level that ensures the food security of the Region (self-sufficiency in milk and dairy products should be at least 90 %). Within the framework of the subprogram "Development of branches of the agro-industrial complex", the increase in regional milk production in farms of all categories is planned to be increased to 664.4 thousand tons by 2023 (in 2019–641.3 thousand tons). The implementation of this vector is possible by increasing the productivity of dairy cattle based on the renewal of the breed composition, the transition to new technologies for keeping and feeding here, as well as by preserving and increasing the number of cows.