Sucking pests in fruit-bearing vineyards and mother plants of basic plants and protective measures to regulate their numbers in the conditions of the Don

The objective of the study is to monitor the number of sucking pests in the conditions of the Don, to de-termine the area of their distribution, harmfulness and the protective effect of insecticides in the conditions of a fruiting vineyard and mother yard of basic plants. Studies to determine the degree of distribution and the effect of the prevalence of pest populations on the productivity indicators of grape plantations of the same varieties in different ampelocenoses and under different meteorological conditions were carried out on the basis of the Novocherkassk (hereinafter region A) and Nizhnekundryuchensky (hereinafter region B) branches of the experimental fields of the All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking in 2021–2023 under the conditions of field experiments against the background of agrotechnical measures recommended for this zone, on technical varieties Tsvetochny and Cabernet Severny with high-standard formation, with a planting scheme of 3  1.5 m. The experiment is laid out in triplicate (in one variant, 10 accounting bushes). To assess the harmfulness of sucking pest populations, detailed damage records were made on the grapevines in question. Parameters such as the degree of leaf damage (damaged surface area), the number of damaged bunches, and a decrease in yield and berry quality were taken into account. The greatest damage was caused by the buffalo leafhopper, causing a delay in shoot growth, leaf deformation, and a decrease in yield by 15–20 % in region A and up to 10 % in region B. The spread of roseate leafhopper and buffalo leafhopper populations led to a decrease in the photosynthetic activity of leaves, which affected the quality and quantity of the harvest (a decrease of 5–10 % in region B). The timing of pest development varied across the years of research and depended on the prevailing meteorological conditions. To assess the protective effect of insecticides, field experiments were conducted using several insecticides approved for use in viticulture: Voliam Flexi, BI-58 Top, Danadim Expert, Kinfos, and Batrider to curb the development of pest populations. A greater effect was noted from the use of Voliam Flexi and BI-58 Top. Different meteorological conditions of the two agrocenoses were favorable for overwintering, spreading, and spreading the population of sucking pests.