Soviet science in the end of 20th century: historical lessons of resistance and susceptibility of scientists to the influence of external social and cultural factor

The problem of political and state management of science in the USSR is analyzed. The susceptibility and resistance of science to the influence of an external social and cultural factor are discovered. The cultural and historical approach that enables to consider the unity and inconsistency of the effect of an external socio-cultural and cognitive evolution factor of scientific knowledge is used. The point about strong susceptibility of science to the influence of the external social and cultural factor, almost complete subordination of scientific work to the political and state dictate is established. As a rule, scientists with independent psychological set of mind who considered science as a supreme value of life resisted to administrative influence.