Current state of use of arable land in farms of different forms of ownership in Yenisei Siberia

The purpose of the research was to determine the efficiency of the use of agricultural land in modern conditions. The structure of land and acreage was presented according to the state statistics and the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Khakassia. Statistical and graphical methods were used while making the research. Environmental and social and economic conditions in the agriculture of the Republic of Khakassia, located in the Yenisei Siberia, had undergone significant changes in 25-28 years since the transition from public to private ownership. The use of land resources, soil degradation, and agricultural products were considered in different periods of the reform. During the transition from public to private ownership, there was a significant redistribution of arable land and changes in agricultural production. Fallow lands were currently littered with weeds, shrubs and forests, and are a source of pests and diseases of agricultural crops. In agricultural organizations and peasant (farm) farms, there was a decrease in the acreage of grain and fodder crops. Thus, the sown area of grain and leguminous crops in 2016-2018 compared to 2013-2015 decreased by 10.9 %, forage crops-significantly less - by 1.3 %. The most important problem in arid steppe areas was the increase in agricultural production. The decrease of the area of arable land and sown areas in recent years (2016-2018) compared to previous years (2014-2015) led to the reduction in grain production by 28.9 % in agricultural organizations, meat - by 7.7 % in peasant (farm) farms.