The current state of the problem of unstable posterior pelvic ring fractures (literature review)

Introduction. Fractures of the posterior pelvic ring are one of the most severe injuries in traumatology, require specialized care, differ in the duration of treatment, long-term disability, high levels of disability and mortality; currently, the search for ways to improve the effectiveness of treatment of patients remains relevant.Goal. Determination of the current status of the problem of unstable fractures of the posterior pelvic ring. Materials and methods. Access to literature sources is carried out through domestic VAK - peer-reviewed journals included in the international database "SCOPUS", as well as in information systems and databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, Cochranelibrary, eLibrary.ry, Wiley Online Library). The terms used are: sacral fractures, pelvic fractures, posterior pelvic ring fractures, unstable pelvic ring fractures.Results. The current state of the problem of traumatization of the posterior pelvic ring, mechanisms of injuries is disclosed. The current trends in the structure of the pelvic ring fractures, the structure of the trauma of the posterior pelvic ring in terms of age and sex characteristics have been determined. Discussion. Most authors note the continuing relevance and steady increase in the number of victims of high-energy trauma, the continuing difficulties in the treatment and diagnosis of injuries of the posterior pelvic ring. Pelvic trauma continues to occupy a key place in the structure of concomitant and polytrauma. Also, a number of authors note an increase in pelvic trauma in elderly patients with osteoporosis.Findings. Analysis of scientific literature data demonstrates that the incidence of pelvic fractures does not tend to decrease, these injuries remain the most difficult to treat and diagnose.