Modern aspects of prevention and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis. Systems approach

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of urolithiasis. Particular attention is paid to the issues of polyethiologic and multifactoriality of the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. The authors state their views on the current state of the problem of general prophylaxis and the specific metaphylactics of urolithiasis. It is pointed out that modern methods of metaphylaxis allow to significantly reduce the activity of stone formation and the number of relapses of the disease after surgical interventions. The authors believe that one of the new solutions to the problem of prophylaxis and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis is the development of a method of systemic metaphylaxis, which should be constructed within the framework of the theory of sanogenesis. The article theoretically substantiates the necessity of using pharmacological preparations having adaptogenic action. The authors believe that, in addition to the renal risk factors for urolithiasis, extrarenal risk factors should be identified. The possibility of applying 0.06% sodium hypochlorite solution to reduce the lithogenic potential of urine, improve the efficiency of the tubular apparatus of the kidney, and eliminate the extrarenal risk factors for urolithiasis is discussed.