Modern methods of early differential diagnosis of acute mesenteric circulatory disorders

Introduction. The acute form of mesenteric ischemia remains an urgent and serious problem in modern medicine. Unfortunately, the use of CT angiography and selective mesentericography in modern conditions of urgent surgery is difficult to implement in most district and rural hospitals. Due to the need to minimize the diagnostic time, research is underway aimed at creating and evaluating the effectiveness of new diagnostic markers. Similar characteristics are the intestinal form of the fatty acid binding protein (Intestinal Fatty Acid Banding Protein, (I-FABP).Goal. To evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness and significance of I-FABP as an important parameter for the differential diagnosis of intestinal wall necrosis.Materials and methods. The single-center clinical and laboratory comparative study included 162 patients enrolled in the period from 2022 to 2023 at the State Medical University named after V.V. Veresaev DZM in Moscow. In addition to a set of examinations in accordance with the standards of medical care, the subjects were assessed for the concentration of the I-FABP protein.Results. Significant differences were found between the median concentrations of I-FABP in the main group of patients and comparison group I and the main group and comparison group II. The concentration of I-FABP in the blood serum of more than 308,42 pg/ml in patients with suspected OMI may indicate the onset of necrosis of the small intestine.Conclusion. Laboratory determination of the intestinal form of fatty acid binding protein in blood serum is a promising method for early differential diagnosis of acute mesenteric circulatory disorders, it has a chance to become part of the algorithm for diagnosing patients with suspected ONMpC.