The modern migration and possible directions of state policy at the national and regional levels

The article investigates various directions of the state migration policy in modern Russia. State policy in the field of migration and migration management should be based on the study of global migration trends in a modern world, as well as take into account the national and regional levels. As a result, the main task here is to determine the place of Russia in contemporary migration trends and how they are refracted through the specific features of the Astrakhan region. This paper analyzes demographic and economic processes that lead to the inevitable development of migration from third world countries to developed countries, in particular the progressive aging of the labor force, as well as attempts to determine the place of Russia in contemporary migration strategies and peculiarities of migration in our country during the 1990s-2000s. According to the absolute indicators of migration, migration policy and legislation Russia is a country with a multicultural model of migration. So the number of foreigners in our country is really great. According to the Federal Migration Service in 2013 on the territory of the Russian Federation were 10,847,352 foreign nationals. Along with the general migration trends specific to Russia and Western countries, the author identifies peculiar points, especially the negative perception of migrants by common Russians. As it seen from the results of sociological surveys of All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center devoted to the issue of migration in 2013, respondents considers that immigration still has more negative than positive consequences for the country, and employment of migrants in most areas perceived more negatively. Sociological study conducted in the Astrakhan region shows a more positive, compared to the rest of Russia, perception of migrants in the region. Solving of migration problem, which Russian power and the intellectual elite proposed in the short term is also investigated. For example, such documents as State Migration Policy Concept of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2025 year and «Final report on the results of the expert work on topical issues of socio-economic strategy of Russia until 2020. Strategy 2020: New Growth Model -a New Social Policy» are studied. In the future, international migration will increase inevitably; therefore particularly important is the existence of well-thought migration strategy, both for the nation-state as a whole and for specific regions. There are some regions with specific conditions and more positive perceptions of migrants, such as the Astrakhan region, where the special migration policy it to be carried out. The priority of this policy is to be shifted to working out and using various methods of integration of migrants into the existing social and cultural structures.