Modern approaches to the critique of positivism

Modern epistemology of science has carried out a strong criticism of the dominant views of the positivist and neo-positivist model of knowledge and actually undermined its authority. At the turn of several centuries, the positivist position has been experiencing significant theoretical and methodological difficulties in explaining the nature of social life and the prospects for socio-historical development. Because of this, the study of modern approaches to criticism of such areas as positivism, with a special indication of the importance of social and humanitarian knowledge for understanding the processes taking place in modern society, is of particular importance. The present research is based on the accepted in social philosophy analysis methods of primary sources and research literature. Over a long period of time, the predominance of the mechanistic, materialistic and deterministic view of the world, the introduction of calculation, measurement and accuracy as the basic methodological principles of science, armed with the postulation of quantitatively defined entities, formed no less characteristic social ethics. Abstract schemes, formalist methods, universal ideas and concepts subordinated all to the identical logic of the Autonomous subjective mind and its basic predicate - the intellectualist will to power. The twenty-first century, together with its strong criticism of positivism in many of its manifestations, clearly proves to us, through a profound analysis of positivist approaches, that the reality around us is much closer to chaos than to space. Thus, the result of the study is the designation of the special importance of social and humanitarian knowledge in the XXI century for the study of the processes taking place in society, while recognizing the inability of the exact Sciences to describe social actions. Being opposite in the method of approaches to the study of society, they coincide in the goal, which is to achieve a state of non-duality - the lack of separation into the subject and the object of the exhaustion of self. The author considers such experience to be the limit for human existence simultaneously with the statement of its chaotic and non-deterministic nature in development.