Современные стратегии формирования полимерных покрытий. Часть II

Автор: Вихарева И.Н., Антипин В.Е., Еникеева Д.В., Кручинина П.А.

Журнал: Нанотехнологии в строительстве: научный интернет-журнал @nanobuild

Рубрика: Технологии производства строительных материалов и изделий

Статья в выпуске: 2 т.16, 2024 года.

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Введение. Покрытия на твердых материалах широко используются во многих отраслях промышленности. Технологии нанесения покрытий способствуют предотвращению или уменьшению коррозии, загрязнения и биообрастания, химической и структурной деградации, износа внешних поверхностей из-за воздействия элементов и природных условий. Спектр используемых материалов для функциональных покрытий достаточно широкий: от органических полимеров до гибридных композитов и неорганических наночастиц в зависимости от желаемых свойств и функциональности конечного продукта. Несмотря на отличные антикоррозионные характеристики неполимерных покрытий, их использование наносит экологический ущерб. Наиболее широкое применение получили органические покрытия. Такие составы наносят в жидкой форме, органические растворители в них являются одним из основных компонентов. Экологические требования способствовали разработке альтернативных технологий. Доступность сырья и стоимость экологически чистого покрытия являются основными направлениями разработок. Основная часть. В обзоре обоснована актуальность исследований по разработке многофункциональных покрытий на основе полимеров. Представлен рынок полимерных покрытий. Приведены методы защиты поверхности, типы формируемых покрытий, их основные компоненты, особенности формирования покрытий, влияние различных факторов на формирование полимерных покрытий, включая методы подготовки и предварительной обработки защищаемой поверхности. Подробно рассмотрены методы предотвращения коррозии, а также основные направления в разработке антикоррозийных покрытий, основанные на различных защитных механизмах. Приведены характеристики основных компонентов защитных покрытий. Подробно рассмотрен вопрос разрушения полимерных покрытий в зависимости от среды эксплуатации. Рассмотрены типы сред, их влияние и механизмы действия на защищаемые объекты. Перечислены факторы и механизмы разрушения полимерных покрытий, методы предотвращения деградации покрытий. Выделены новейшие технологии формирования защитных полимерных покрытий.

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Адгезия, защита, коррозия, покрытие, полимер, растворитель, термореактивная смола

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/142241509

IDR: 142241509 | DOI: 10.15828/2075-8545-2024-16-2-109-124

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