Contemporary trends in the development of the institute of necessary defense in Russian criminal law

The article analyzes the institute of necessary defense in Russian criminal law, with an emphasis on the latest legislative initiatives and judicial practice. The changes in Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court No. 19 of 2022, expanding the cases of application of necessary defense, are analyzed, and the exhaustive potential of the current legislation without the need for further expansion is emphasized. The problems of law enforcement are discussed, including the subjectivity of assessing the factors of encroachment and the time limits of the state of necessary defense, which leads to judicial errors.