Creation of arbitration in the Soviet state

After the October Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks, who had taken matters into their own hands, began to reorganize socio-political and socio-economic relations in accordance with their program guidelines, including such a fundamental principle as the nationalization of industry, that is, private ownership of the means of production was abolished, and enterprises had to be state-owned. In agriculture, the situation was more complicated, since many millions of peasants owned land plots, had their own houses, but here too, the Soviet government declared that the land was recognized as public property, and on behalf of the people, the state (represented by the relevant bodies) allocated land plots for all users without exception. This approach to the economy has significantly shifted the emphasis in the relationships between economic entities, and in this case we are talking about economic disputes, for the resolution of which, after the introduction of the NEP, the authorities had to create arbitration commissions under departmental bodies, which, however, due to their purely administrative status and vagueness of powers, they could not effectively resolve economic disputes. And then, in the early 1930s, the Regulation on State Arbitration under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was adopted. The article examines the features of the adoption of this act, reveals its content, and shows its significance for the Soviet economy. It is noted, in particular, that the created Soviet arbitration became the basis for arbitration relations in the USSR for several decades, until a new corresponding act was issued in 1960.