Drug resistance spectrum of tuberculosis mycobacteria with multiple drug resistance

The spectrum of drug resistance (DR) to anti-TB drugs of primary (I) and alternative (II) group was studied in 422 patients suffering from tuberculosis (TB). The patients belong to different categories characterized by multi-drug resistance (MDR). The frequency of secondary drug-resistant patients (XDR) among secondary MDR was 13,3 %, which is 1,9 times higher then reflected in published data cited in the Russian Federation. The frequency of primary total DR to anti-TB drugs of the I series in new cases of MDR was 48,5 %. The acquired total frequency for DR to anti-TB drugs of the I series ranged from 53,8 %, in the category of “Abort rate XT”, followed by subsequent development of MDR, and amounted to 80 % in the category of “Interrupted course of chemotherapy with MDR”. The highest frequency and most unfavorable structure of DR to the second group of anti-TB drugs were revealed in the following categories: “Contingents MDR” and “Interrupted course of chemotherapy with MDR”. These categories are the main source of drug-resistant (XDR) (acquired XDR) cases. The obtained data speak of the need to introduce new organizational forms of treatment for patients with MD. Introduction of molecular genetic methods will help to identify DR to primary and alternative drugs rapidly and administer proper chemotherapy.