Disputes about the nature of the forcible movement in late antiquity (4th-10th centuries A.D.)

The author analyses disputes about forcible movement which emerged in late antiquity between the IV and X centuries AD. The author examines the Aristotelian theories of motion. The author also identifies two Aristotelian theories about forcible movement. According to the first theory, a mover communicates motion to both the body and the air. And the air, in turn, communicates motion to both the body and the subsequent air segments, thus ensuring the conservation of the body’s movement after it is separated from the mover. According to the second theory, the theory of the antiperistasis (àvTmspïaïaaiç), the movement arises due to the change of places of air and the body thrown. The author notes that these theories were disputed in the II century BC by Hipparchus and John Philoponus, who lived in the IV century AD. Further, the author explores the theories of Avicenna (980-1037), whose interpretation was different from the ideas of John Philoponus. The author concludes that in medieval Europe there were no concepts similar to Avicenna’s. The texts of the sources are given in the author's translation, since they have not been previously translated into Russian.