Methods of hernioplasty of inguinal hernias. Their advantages and disadvantages (literary review)

Introduction. Inguinal hernia is most common disease in structure of external abdominal hernias. Around the world, approximately 20 million patients with inguinal hernias are operated on annually. According to statistics, 13% of all hernia repairs in world are performed for recurrent inguinal hernia, regardless of method of hernioplasty.Methods. Traditional methods of autoplasty of inguinal hernias are currently not recommended for use due to large number of relapses. Endoprosthetics according to Lichtenstein attracts with its easy and convenient execution technique, a low number of relapses - about 1,9 % of cases with small primary hernias, and with recurrent hernias reaching 10-15 % of cases. In addition, after it, in the long term, a number of specific problems are observed - 8- 15 % of cases, which significantly reduce the quality of life of patients and cause dissatisfaction with treatment. Alloplasty with TAPP and eTER methods is not recommended in patients with complex hernias and concomitant pulmonary heart diseases. With them, chronic pain syndrome reaches 23 %, and relapses from 12,0 to 13,5 % of cases. An important factor is their high cost.Findings. The search for new methods for hernioplasty of inguinal hernias is justified. Prospective methods of autoplasty of posterior wall of inguinal canal: Desarda operation; hernioplasty using functional muscle tissue; with relaxing incisions and consolidation of autoplasty with autodermal grafts. With these methods, number of relapses is comparable to the results after alloplasty: postoperative complications were 2,3 %, and relapses were 1,3 %.