Methods of purification of gaseous waste from petrochemical industries from carbon dioxide for use in solid oxide fuel cells

In Russia, the development of technologies to reduce harmful emissions and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere corresponds to the direction of the strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation until 2035. Within the framework of this strategy, a transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving energy is planned. Switching to hydrogen fuel and hydrogen-containing gases is a huge step towards decarbonization. The most affordable and cost-effective solution is the use of hydrogen-containing gases of oil refineries. But before using these gases, it is necessary to pre-purify them from non-hydrogen-containing ingredients and impurities. The analysis of literature sources allowed us to identify the main methods of purification: absorption, chemisorption, adsorption, membrane methods. But the most interesting are adsorption methods, which are easier to implement on an industrial scale and are more economically sound. Therefore, the paper presents the results of laboratory studies to determine the carbon dioxide trapping ability of some adsorbents: activated carbon, zeolite, bentonite, silica gel, slaked and quicklime, high-base anionite. The choice of sorbents was justified by their different specific surface area, different nature of origin, as well as the availability of application on an industrial scale.The capture experiment was carried out on a laboratory installation, a sorbent was clogged into the adsorber and an air stream with carbon dioxide was passed through it. Carbon dioxide not absorbed by the sorbent was fed into a flask with a solution of sodium hydroxide concentration of 0.01 n. At the end of the experiment, the alkalinity of the sodium hydroxide solution was determined by the titrimetric method. According to the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the following sorbents have the greatest carbon dioxide trapping capacity: quicklime and slaked lime, as well as zeolite impregnated in sodium hydroxide solution. From the point of view of scientific interest, bentonite can be distinguished, which captures carbon dioxide by almost 80 %. The remaining sorbents under study have an average trapping capacity.