Comparison of taboos and euphemisms in Russian, Uzbek and German

The features of the euphemistic nomination are determined by the negative denotative correlation of euphemism and the frequent change of nominations with the active role of the linguistic personality. The negative coloring of the denotation stimulates the formation of new euphemistic substitutions for the antecedent that occur in the speech act of naming. The duplicative nature of euphemistic names made it possible to attribute them to units of secondary nomination. Depending on the belonging of these names to units of language or speech, ordinary and occasional euphemisms are distinguished. In the reviewed dictionaries, only a small part of euphemisms is noted, which indicates a lack of knowledge of the theoretical issues of euphemization, and is also associated with insufficient lexicographic elaboration of the problem. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the role of the context, because the usual (multi-valued) nomination has the possibility of actualizing a non-euphemistic meaning, and the occasional nomination can be assessed as euphemistic when the context of its use is involved.