Comparative characteristics of economically valuable traits of the maternal sunflower lines of the different origin

The aim of this work is a comparative study of the sunflower maternal lines and determination of the correlation between the studied traits. The research was carried out on the fields of the central experimental base of All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by the name of Pustovoit V.S. (VNIIMK), Krasnodar in 2010-2012. The research objects were nine domestic and six foreign maternal lines of modern commercial sunflower hybrids. As a result of the research, it was found that the maternal lines developed at VNIIMK and Armavir Experimental Station (AOS) have the shortest period from the emergence stage to blossom stage; the samples from the companies “NS Seme” (Novi Sad) and “Syngenta” have the longer one. As for the plants height, the lines obtained in VNIIMK and the company “Syngenta” stood out, while the lines of AOS VNIIMK were the lowest. As for the head diameter, the largest quantity showed the samples of the companies “NS Seme” and “Syngenta”, the line TFC 2281 of company “Maisadour” had the smallest manifestation of this trait. The maternal lines of “Syngenta” and “Maisadour” were the best in number and weight of seeds per head; the largest figures of thousand-seed weight were observed in the samples of VNIIMK breeding. As for the yield and oil yield, the lines of “Syngenta” and “Maisadour” were the best. The highest level of oil content in seeds was noted in the lines of VNIIMK and AOS VNIIMK obtained in 2011, in other years the differences were less noticeable. In 2012, all samples showed the largest the number and weight of seeds per head, thousand-seed weight, seed and oil yield. There was established the existence of reliably high positive correlations between the traits of seed weight per head and their yield, between the degree of head inclination and its inclination, between the thickness and the diameter of the head, between the seeds weight and their number per head, between the thousand-seed weight and the seeds weight per head; the existence of negative correlations between the seed losses and seed yield, between the head diameter and the degree of head inclination.