Wheat, oats and barley comparative characteristics by total antioxidant content in the grain

The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the functional value of grain in various Siberian samples of wheat, oats and barley using the total content of antioxidants in the grain as such a biochemical indicator. The objects of the study were 10 samples of Hordeum vulgare L spring barley. (Acha, Abalak Biom, Buyan, Krasnoyarsk 91, Emelya, Olenek, Takmak, Tanay, Uvatsky), 5 samples of oats Avena sativa L. (Argument, Golets, Rovesnik, Sayan, Tubinsky) and 8 samples of spring wheat Triticum vulgare L. (Krasnoyarskaya 12, Altayskaya 70, Omskaya Krasa, Solnechnaya 573, Oasis, Omskaya 44, Altayskaya 75, Svirel). Cereals were kept in contrasting climatic conditions on the territory of three state variety plots: Beisky (Republic of Khakassia), Krasnoturansky (Krasnoyarsk Region), Piy-Khemsky (Republic of Tyva). All plant species were grown on a steam predecessor during the 2019 growing season. The total content of antioxidants (CCA) in the grain was determined according to the approved method on a Tsvet Yauza-01-AA device using two solvents: hot bidistilled water and 70 % ethyl alcohol. It was found that, in the case of oats and wheat, higher CCA values in grain were observed when hot water was used as a solvent; for barley samples, the opposite tendency was observed. It was shown that the absolute levels of SSA in grain depended on climatic conditions, biological species and variety. The SSA parameters varied according to the cultivation points to a greater extent in barley samples (the values of the coefficients of variation for the two eluents are equal to 9.9 and 10.2 %). The highest CCA values in grain were found in barley samples (61.6 and 64.8 mg/100 g), and the lowest CCA values were recorded in oats (45.3 and 42.0 mg/100 g). The maximum values of CCA in grain were observed in the samples of Argument oats, Svirel wheat, and Uvatsky barley.