Comparative evaluation of milk productivity of red-and-white and black-and-white Holstein in the conditions of the Orel region

To realize the production potential of the dairy subcomplex in the Orеl Region, it is important to quickly develop and implement scientifically grounded recommendations for enhancing the productivity of the dairy herd and improving the milk production technology. That will allow the region to take its rightful place in the Russian dairy market. At the same time, the main resources are in the area of increasing the productive qualities of the livestock of specialized dairy breeds, the most prominent representative of which is the Holstein breed. A comparative assessment of the milk productivity of Red-and-White and Black-and-White Holstein was carried out, including in the section of the main lines, in the conditions of the Orеl region. It has been established that in the conditions of the Orеl region Black-and-White Holstein show a significant superiority over Red-and-White Holstein both in terms of milk yield in 305 days of lactation, and in terms of the amount of milk fat and the amount of milk protein. The mass fraction of fat found in the groups of Red-and-White and Black-and-White Holsteins has a weak positive correlation with milk yield in 305 days of lactation. Concerning the correlation dependence of the mass fraction of protein on milk yield for 305 days of lactation, it was found that in all experimental groups it was low negative and ranged from - 0.27 to - 0.02. Black-and-White Holsteins exceeded Red-and-White Holsteins both in milk yield of basic fat content and in the cost of milk produced in 305 days of lactation. In general, we can conclude that in the conditions of the Orеl region, breeding of Black-and-White Holstein is more effective from an economic point of view than breeding of Red-and-White.