Comparative analysis of surgical outcomes of arthrodesis and suspension arthroplasty of the saddle joint

Introduction Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis is a very common condition that leads to progressive loss of functionality of the first finger that can be surgically treated with arthrodesis of the saddle joint and suspension arthroplasty of the first metacarpal bone. There is a controversy over the surgical technique to choose without consensus in the literature. The objective was to compare surgical outcomes of patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis treated with arthrodesis and suspension arthroplasty of the saddle joint. Material and methods The use of both surgical options resulted in significantly reduced pain measured with the VAS (p < 0.001) and improved upper limb function evaluated with the Quick DASH scale. The treatments differed in the median duration of plaster immobilization. The duration of postoperative immobilization in arthrodesis patients was statistically higher (p = 0.004) than that in suspension arthroplasty group. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of heavy and light manual laborers (Pearson coefficient = 0.311). Discussion The findings of the series indicated parameters being different from those published in the literature. The dependence between functional results and the type of working activity of patients treated with both surgical methods was not confirmed. The choice between trapezio-metacarpal arthrodesis and suspension arthroplasty of the first metacarpal bone based on the criterion of severity of work was not always correct. Increased periods of plaster immobilization in the saddle arthrodesis group are reported in the literature and associated with complications of the treatment option. Conclusion No significant differences were found between the outcomes of saddle arthrodesis and suspension arthroplasty of the first metacarpal bone.