The comparative analysis of using of frozen and native testicular spermatozoa after pentoxifylline activation at the azoospermia

Azoospermia is a state in which there are no sperm in the ejaculate. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the use of pentoxifylline activation of spermatozoa obtained after testicular biopsy in azoospermia and to compare the indicators of embryological and clinical stages when using native and frozen spermatozoa for fertilization in programs of assisted reproductive technologies. A total of 91 testicular biopsy procedures were performed, followed by microscopic examination of the biopsy specimen in order to detect spermatozoa in it. The activation of immotile spermatozoa was carried out using a phosphodiesterase inhibitor -pentoxifylline. Conducted 20 biopsy procedures, fertilization was carried out with native spermatozoa (group I). In the other 71 cases, the biopsy was diagnostic and performed in advance. In 29 cases, spermatozoa were found, cryopreserved and in 22 cases thawed for the fertilization procedure (group II). The analysis of embryological and clinical indicators of artificial insemination was carried out, in which native (group I) and frozen (group II) testicular spermatozoa were used after activation by pentoxifylline. The use of pentoxifylline made it possible to select actively mobile forms of spermatozoa for fertilization. In accordance with the data obtained, the fertilization rate was higher in the group using native testicular spermatozoa compared to the group in which fertilization was carried out after their preliminary cryopreservation. However, no statistically significant difference in the rates of fertilization in the studied groups could be identified. Indicators of preimplantation development of embryos also did not show a statistically significant difference in the studied groups. The use of pentoxifylline makes it possible to identify viable male gametes and select them for fertilization by intracytoplasmic injection of a sperm cell into an egg after a testicular biopsy. The main clinical indicator - the pregnancy rate was comparable and did not show a statistically significant difference in the study groups, which indicates the formation of competent embryos when using as frozen and native biological material of testes after activation with pentoxifylline. Freezing of testicular spermatozoa does not negative effect to its ability to fertilize.