Requirements comparative analysis of the regulatory legal documents of the Russian Federation and international standards to the antennas directivity characteristics of earth satellite communication stations

Background. In the today`s conditions of exploitation of earth stations of satellite communications in different ranges, the question of their operation simultaneous with different radiating stations in conditions of compact placement is highly relevant, which determines significant restrictions on the antenna directivity characteristics. The basic regulatory legal documents of the Russian Federation and international recommendations defining the directivity characteristics requirements of satellite earth stations antennas for the most frequently used typical sizes of circular flat apertures with diameter: 0,6 m for «C»; 0,3 m for «X»; 0,2 m for «Ku» and 0,6 m for «Ka» bands are considered. Their comparative analysis based on the results of calculations of regulating (reference) radiation patterns defined by normative documents and radiation patterns of a planar circular aperture with a single in-phase amplitude distribution, which is taken, as an equivalent of aperture satellite antennas during comparison is carried out. For the comparative analysis was used the percentage value of exceeding the maxima of the side lobe levels of the radiation pattern from the planar circular aperture. Aim. Consideration of the differences between the main requirements of regulatory legal documents of the Russian Federation and international norms to the antenna directivity characteristics of satellite earth stations, and the compliance estimation of the directivity characteristics of the equivalent earth stations aperture satellite antennas with these requirements. Methods. In the comparative analysis were used numerical methods of calculating reference directivity antenna patterns and the value of the percentage of exceeding the maxima of side lobe levels, as well as directivity patterns of a circular flat aperture using the Bessel function of the first order. Results. The results of calculations of reference directivity patterns defined by normative documents of the Russian Federation and recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union, as well as envelope patterns of circular flat aperture directivity are presented. Calculated data the percentage value of exceeding the maxima of the side lobe levels of the radiation pattern from the planar circular aperture are presented. Conclusion. It is shown that the most stringent requirements for the envelope pattern are set by ITU-R S.580-6 for the «X» and «Ku» bands, as well as ITU-R S.524-9 for the «Ka» band, and ITU-R S.465-6 for the «C» band. The smoothest requirements for the radiation pattern envelope are defined in Appendix 3 to Annex 8 of the Radio Regulations, whereby the radiation pattern envelope of a flat circular aperture has no excesses in any of the sections of the band under consideration. For the other regulations considered, there are both insignificant and considerable exceedances of the radiation pattern envelope. The requirements to the radiation pattern envelope defined by the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation mainly correspond to the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union.