Comparative analysis of calcium and magnesium levels in the population of high-mountainous areas of Alai and Chon-Alai districts and Osh city

Presents a comparative analysis of calcium and magnesium levels in the population of high-mountainous areas of Alai and Chon-Alai districts, as well as Osh city. The study included 60 patients aged 45 to 70 years. The aim of the work was to assess the level of magnesium and calcium supply in high-mountainous and mid-mountainous regions of Osh oblast, as well as to identify possible links between bone mineralization, vitamin D level and altitude of residence. Residents of high-mountainous Alai and Chon-Alai regions, who are in the upper quartile of calcium/magnesium (Ca:Mg) ratio, demonstrate on average a higher level of 25(OH)D (21.0±7.2 ng/dL) than Osh city dwellers who are in the lower quartile (18.1±7.4 ng/dL). The difference is statistically significant, which may indicate a pathophysiologic relationship between Ca:Mg balance and vitamin D in conditions of different altitudes of residence. There is a significant difference between groups in mineral and vitamin D levels, which emphasizes the importance of taking geographical factors into account when assessing the health status of the population. The findings suggest that in women over 55 years of age, adequate magnesium intake is associated with a reduced risk of mild cognitive impairment, whereas no such association was found in men. Taking into account sex and age specifics of magnesium metabolism, statistically significant differences between the compared groups were found. The obtained results emphasize the need for regular monitoring of magnesium levels in patients, especially those living in mountainous regions with limited access to sunlight, as well as the relevance of including the correction of magnesium metabolism in complex programs for the prevention and treatment of bone tissue diseases and metabolic disorders.