Formation of the geodetic science in Omsk in the second half of the XIX - beginning of the XX centuries: contribution of the military departments

The article analyzes the contribution of the military department to the formation and development of geodesic science in Omsk in the second half of the XIX - beginning of the XX century. The need to solve military strategic tasks for the defense of the state borders and the struggle for the influence in the neighboring countries, the state administrative requirements for the management, socio-economic and cultural development of the Asian suburbs of the Russian Empire led to the opening of the Military Topographic Department in the city in 1867. Military geodesists and topographers, who served in Omsk, were highly qualified specialists, they carried out a whole complex of geodetic and topographical works aimed at creating maps of the territory of the region. They conducted scientific and theoretical research, developed their own methods of observation, improved geodetic instruments. Many military surveyors were popularizers of science, were part of the local scientific community, engaged in educational work. The military department interacted with various civil state bodies: it provided cartographic material, sent specialists to accompany the geographic expeditions, carried out special works. It made a significant contribution to the study and development of the region, the formation of its economic, transport, cultural infrastructure. Disinterested service of many military science and society, patriotic feelings, high professionalism can serve as an example for the present generation of surveyors.