Formation and Development of the Education System in Russia: Personal Values of Modern Students

The article delves into a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the historical development of the Russian education system and the formation and dynamics of values among modern youth. It presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of the concept of “value”, identifying its key essential characteristics. Key stages in the development of the Russian educational system are outlined – from the adoption of Orthodoxy to the Soviet model and post-Soviet transformations – with a focus on the development of the value-based sphere of education. The influence of historical models of educational activity on the formation of basic values and attitudes in society is demonstrated. Based on theoretical analysis and sociological research data, the author identifies the value system of modern students, their understanding and identification of traditional Russian values, and identifies the main contradictions and growth points in modern educational policy. The author concludes that it is necessary to form a new educational strategy that would synthesize positive historical experience with relevant value demands of the new generation.