Formation of the institute of household use of land plots in the Kazakh nomadic farms of the steppe region in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries

The modernization processes that began in Russia in the post-reform period pursued the goal of transforming not only all spheres of socio-political life, but also involving national suburbs with varying degrees of intensity in the format of the imperial space. Among such regions was the Steppe region, where in the chronological period under consideration, the policy of the official authorities was aimed at the actual and legal consolidation of the right of the state to dispose of the lands of the indigenous population. This trend received its formal consolidation in the Steppe position, the norms of which proclaimed the entire land fund of the Kazakh steppe to be the property of the state. Along with this legal imperative, the state legislated a new land-legal institution in the form of household and hereditary use, which was a type of property rights to land. By introducing such a legal institution, the government authorities sought to fully regulate the “Kyrgyz” land use, to facilitate the transition of nomadic society to a sedentary way of life, to promote the involvement of community-autonomous groups in the economic development of vast steppe areas, as well as subordinate their resources to the tasks of resolving the agrarian issue as an integral part of the economic development of the state.