Development Strategy of Caspian Region: Methods and Possibilities of Ecosystems’ Conservation

The article analyzes twenty years of experience in the realization of the Tehran Convention, which defines the legal status of the Caspian Sea and regulates cooperation among the five Caspian states: Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan. Particular attention is paid not only to the joint management of natural resources and the protection of biodiversity but also to the need to coordinate strategic documents at various levels: from national development strategies to regional plans for the Caspian territories. The article examines the convention’s achievements in reducing interstate tensions and creating an effective platform for dialogue on environmental issues, energy, transport, and fisheries. The article emphasizes the importance of development strategies’ integration between states and regions, analyzing common priorities, which will ensure coordinated and sustainable development of the Caspian regions. It notes the need to update joint documents in light of modern challenges: climate change, pollution, and intensive resource development. It suggests measures to create expert groups to monitor the implementation of agreements and respond promptly to emerging problems, as well as to enhance the exchange of scientific data and the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies. In addition, the article discusses prospects for expanding cooperation in the areas of security, combating cross-border threats, and infrastructure development. The article emphasizes that a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to coordinating plans and priorities will be key to the long-term sustainable development of the Caspian region and improving the quality of life of the population. Authors’ contribution. S.A. Lipina – substantiation of the concept, formulation of the goal and objectives of the study, preparation of the introduction, conclusion, and analysis of strategic plans for the conservation of ecosystems of Caspian regions of Russia. I.V. Mitrofanova – analysis of strategic objectives of economic development and modernization of the infrastructure of the Caspian regions of Russia, study of key areas of strategies of the Caspian states for the conservation of Caspian ecosystems, and preparation of the conclusion. A.V. Lipina – introduction, assessment of key projects of the Caspian states for the conservation of Caspian Sea ecosystems.