Structural characterization of chiasmatic structures in different languages

The author analyzes the chiasmus structural characteristics in languages that have different structural forms. In the article studied the constructions of chiasmus and described three types of varying degrees of complexity, such as syntactic, semantic chiasmus and chiasmus pun, as well as show their relationship and differences. In this way chiasmus – a cross structure, which refers to the expressive syntax. In point of fact chiasmus – it is not a stylistic device, but the principle of advancement, namely convergence, because it combines different methods: syntactic parallelism, a permutation on the principle of mirror symmetry, the lexical repetition and antithesis.