Structural and functional correlates of microcirculatory disorders in experimental periodontitis modeling on white rats

Objective: to carry out a comparative analysis of the parameters of microcirculation of the gums and structural changes of the periodontium on the model of experimental periodontitis. Material and methods. The animals were divided into 2 groups: a control group of 15 intact animals and an experimental group of 30 rats with experimental periodontitis. Periodontitis was modeled using the ligature method. Microcirculation was studied using laser Doppler flowmetry in animals from the experimental group on days 14, 21, and 35 of the experiment. The rats of the experimental group were removed from the experiment on the days 21 and 35, 15 individuals each. The lower jaw was removed for histological examination. Results. Between days 14 and 21, perfusion continues to increase, increasing by 37% relative to the control. There is a change in the active and passive mechanisms of blood flow modulation. Microscopy shows edema and leukocyte infiltration in its own mucosal plate, mixed hyperemia, and signs of alveolar bone resorption. At week 5 of the experiment, gum perfusion decreased by no more than 5% relative to the control. There is a decrease in the amplitude of respiratory and cardiac oscillations. With the further development of periodontitis in animals, there is a reduction in blood flow, which leads to a decrease in perfusion. Conclusion. The changes in perfusion are comparable to the structural changes in the supporting apparatus of teeth during the development of experimental periodontitis.