Study of phytotoxicity decrease techniques of lead and cadmium compounds

The biological activity of anthropogenic polluted soil, phytotoxicity of ions of lead and cadmium on model systems is studied. The contents of heavy metals (HM) in soil, land and rooted biomass are specified. The results of research show, that biological activity of soil is formed low as lands are disturbed anthropogenically: very low - two-rowed barley, soft wheat, common barley, oat, lupine, oil radish; low - durum wheat, millet, buckwheat; high - buckwheat and millet. The research of soil pollution by salts of heavy metals was spent on model systems in the conditions of a sheltered ground, test crop - cultivated oat (variety «Fighter»). Liming reduced contents of mobile form of HMs in soil, contributed in their detoxication. Sodium acetate utilization resulted in the rise of рН medium and in the conditions of alkalizing the ions of metals became very mobile, the humus total thus decreased. High density of heavy metals in system «soil - heavy metals - acetate» undertakes sharp depressing of evolution of plants that has led to making up of the lowest productivity of commodity or of the total loss of plants. The most oppressed are oats plants on soil with contents of ions Pb2 +. The bioindication method has allowed estimate the efficiency of various methods of decrease of phytotoxicity of HM ions in system «soil - a plant». The biohumus sharply reduces quantity of mobile forms of Cd (II), Pb (II) and their phytotoxicity. Lime at depositing in soil to a lesser degree, than biohumus, links HM ions and slightly reduces their phytotoxicity.