Substantial approach and spontaneizm in life space of society

In the article the author researches the interactions of substantial and functional approaches in conceptualization of theories of social and life space in the aspect of the ideas of philosophy of spontaneizm, informational and communicative paradigms and synergetic approach in topological analysis of society. The author appeals to the subnational ideas of thinkers whose creative works were connected with topological problems in social sciences of XX century (Bourdieu, Vernadsky, Zimmel, Sorokin) and with ideas of spontaneizm (Leibniz, Husserl, Bakhtin, Nalimov and others). The conditions of life habitat, in author’s opinion, are sense meaning factors of existence ans interactions of social subjects. In the article the different topological models of society are marked: from space of freedom (N. Berdyaev, I. Berlin, A. Vellmer) and space of social status and positions (P. A. Sorokin) to space of dialogue (M. Bakhtin, M. Buber). In author’s opinion, Bourdieu’s model takes the special place in the row of social space models, which is characterized by functional dominant with elements of “double structuration”. The author underlines the thought that topology in humanities and social sciences becomes the charactering phenomenon in the development of science and marks in the noospherical explication of space by Vernadsky the aspect of appealing to control of feelings and acts of individuals and understands his biospherical approaches as a substantial basis of “life space” of society. The dialogical space of Bakhtin, in author’s opinion, is connected with the appealing to the inner form and highest degree of sociality.