The joint-preserving procedures in the treatment of flexible adult acquired flatfoot deformity at the modern stage of development of foot and ankle surgery

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of mobile adult acquired mobile flatfoot deformity using a differentiated approach based on the working classification of this deformation. To determine indications for joint-saving surgeries that avoid arthrodesis of the hindfoot joints.The clinical presentation of adult flatfoot can range from a flexible deformity with normal joint integrity to a rigid, arthritic flat foot. Debate still exists regarding the surgical management of stage II deformities, especially in the presence of medial column instability. This article reviews and discusses various surgical options for the correction of stage II flatfoot reconstructive procedures.The methods of resolve of pathological traction of foot evertor muscles and strengthening of invertors which allow to correct imbalance by muscle tendon transfer are described in detail.