Association of inherited thrombophilia with miscarriages and stillbirth: study of Georgian population

Inherited thrombophilia increases the risk of not only venous thromboembolism during pregnancy but also placenta-mediated pregnancy complications; including miscarriages and stillbirth. Association between thrombophilias and placental-mediated pregnancy complications has been controversial in different retrospective case-control and prospective cohort studies. It is evident that placental vascular thrombosis; resulting in abnormal placentation; is at least partly responsible for these pregnancy complications. Our retrospective case control study involved patients with pregnancy complications (miscarriages; stillbirth) as well as healthy controls. Prevalence of factor V Leiden mutation was statistically significantly increased in women with miscarriages (420 patients; 4.8 %; p =0.026) or stillbirth (120 patients; 9.8 %; p =0.001). Prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T homozygote mutation was statistically significantly increased in women with miscarriages (420 patients; 7.6 %; p =0.015) and was weak in patients with stillbirth (120 patients; 4.9 %; p =0.102). Prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation in patients with only two miscarriages (205 patients) was significant (7.8 %; p =0.015). We found weak to no relationship between Prothrombin G20210A mutation and miscarriages (420 patients; 3.8 %; p =0.156) or stillbirth (120 patients; 2 %; p =0.572). Based on our data women with factor V Leiden and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation are at increased risk of developing miscarriages or/and stillbirth. Prothrombin gene mutation has weak to no relationship with studied pregnancy complications.