Taxonomic structure of microbial association indifferent soils investigated by high-throughput sequencing of 16S-rRNA gene library

The features of soil microbiome may be an universal and very sensitive indicator of soil state used for optimization and biologization of agriculture systems. However, this approach to the matter requires a preliminary analysis of microbiomes composition in different types of soils. An analogical taxonomic investigations presented difficult task formerly and took considerable material and time expenditures. The introduction to molecular ecology of the new progeny methods of sequencing permits to increase both a number of revealed microorganism species and analyzed ecotops. The authors made the primary analysis of microbial associations with the use of pyrosequencing of soil metagenome. For the study, the collection of soils from different regions of Russia (19 samples) and also from the Crimea (Ukraine, 1 sample) was created. The bacteria from phylas of Proteobacte ria (up 59.3 %), Actinobacteria (up 55.4 %), Acidobacteria (up 26.5 %), Verrucomicrobia (up 13.6 %), Bacteroidetes (up 10.5 %), Firmicutes (up 8.2 %), Gemmatimonadetes (up 6.9 %), Chloroflexi (up 5.7 %) and archaea from Crenarchaeota phyla were dominating in microbial associations. The comparison of taxonomic structure of microbial associations indicates that physiochemical factors (acidity and moisture of soil) have a more influence on prokaryote biodiversity than other factors (for example, type of soil or sampling point). So the soils from south regions with lesser moisture contain more the actinobacteria, when the moister north soils contain mainly the proteobacteria. The soils with low pH are characterized by a raise of acidobacteria percent.