Technical and economic aspects of grid-tied photovoltaic plants use for agricultural enterprises power supply

The aim of the study is to reduce the costs of electric energy of agricultural enterprises by using grid-tied photovoltaic stations. The size of the payment for electric energy in the costs of agricultural enterprises can reach 10% or more, which negatively affects the cost of agricultural products and does not contribute to the development of the production base. The doctrine of energy security of the Russian Federation contains a requirement to ensure an economically efficient combination of the use of centralized power supply systems with the development of distributed generation of electric energy, including renewable energy sources (RES). The energy strategy of Russia for the period up to 2035 declares the transition from resource-raw materials to resource-innovative development of the fuel and energy complex, and one of the goals of the strategy is decentralized generation. Solar energy should be considered as a RES, as a source that is widely distributed. Improvement of technology helps to reduce the cost of electricity production, which is approaching the cost of traditional energy sources. As a result of the literature review, promising grid-tied photovoltaic power plants (PPP) of Russian production from Hevel and Technoline with a capacity of 15 to 80 kW were identified, capable of providing a competitive cost of electric energy for power supply to agricultural enterprises. In the course of calculations carried out according to the proposed methodology and modeling of the PPP operation in the Krasnoyarsk Region, the Republics of Khakassia and Tuva within the framework of the law on microgeneration, it was determined that with an electric energy tariff of 8 rubles per 1 kW•h and with a specific cost of grid-tied PPP equipment of 45.6 thousand rubles/1 kW, the payback period of capital investments is from four to nine years. With an increase in the tariff for electric energy, the payback period decreases. The use of grid-tied PPP for power supply to agricultural enterprises is effective in the southern and central regions of the Krasnoyarsk Region, the Republics of Khakassia and Tuva.