Technological methods for increasing the productivity of winter garlic in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

The scientific article presents experimental material on identifying effective methods of cultivation and obtaining a high-quality harvest of winter garlic of domestic varieties of selection. The research was carried out in 2017-2019 in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region on the experimental field of the USPL “Sadovodstvoˮ of the Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin. The soil is meadow-chernozem with a humus content of 5.72%, the thickness of the humus horizon is 40-60 cm. The purpose of the research is to improve the elements of the technology of cultivation of winter garlic, which allow to increase the yield and quality of the products obtained. It was found that in the conditions of the West Siberian region, the local variety of winter garlic Tarsky, which exceeds the control variety Komsomolets by 79-94%, differs in the increased yield of heads (24.8-27.9 t/ha). Winter garlic has the highest yield when planting a large (6-9 g) large fraction of cloves. The yield of heads at the same time is 11.4-12.2 t/ha, which is 7.4-13.2% more than when planting an average (3-5 g) and 22.8-26.2% more than planting a small (1-2 g) fraction of cloves. When growing winter garlic, it is necessary to remove flower arrows when they reach a height of 10 cm, which helps to increase the yield of bulbs by 0.8-1.4 t/ha. When planting large and medium garlic cloves, removing the arrows, the yield of standard products is 98-100%. The use of biological preparations Azolen or Elena for pre-sowing treatment of planting material contributes to the formation of larger winter garlic bulbs, an increase in their yield (with the removal of arrows by 32.2-39.1, without removal - by 18.1-20.8%) and the yield of standard products is up to 94-98%.