Technologies of immunogenetic studies for evaluation of the environmental factors influencing the public health

The aim of this study is to develop the technologies, principles and methodological approaches for identification of the genetic markers of early disturbances in immune status of the population in conditions of chronic exposure to man-made factors. The DNA detection by PCR assay and sequencing of the polymorphic variants of the regulatory and exon regions of 37 genes, including, CYP 1A1, MTHFR, APO-E, CPOX, VEGF, NO-synthase, MMP, FAS, FOXp3, TNFalfa, HLA DR, p53, BRCA1, etc. were executed. The offered methodical approaches include the identification of the following groups of polymorphism: enzymes of variant genes of the 1 st and 2nd detoxification phase; genes of proteins involved both in metabolic processes and in pathogenesis of the target organs' diseases (matrix metal loproteinase gene, endothelial growth factor gene) induced by technogenic factors; genotyping of the predisposition to cancer proliferative status; detection of the immunogenetic markers. The SNP-peculiarities in children living in the conditions of exposure to strontium and nitrates have been identified. They were characterized by the excessive incidence of the variant alleles of cytochrome p450 genes, endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and coproporphyrinogen oxidase (CPOX). The modern biomedical technologies for the typing of the variant gene allow identifying the candidate polymorphisms capable to occur in specific environmental conditions.