Technotronic phase of modernization and critical technologies: features of realization in Russia

The article consideres the interest in modernization in our country through the prism of an innovative development path, which has acquired particular relevance in recent years. The essential foundations of critical technologies are revealed, foreign and domestic experience with critical technologies is presented. The authors found out three stages in the implementation of critical technologies in Russia. The analysis of the stages of development and use of critical technologies has shown that little has changed in this sphere in the last 20 years. In general, the activities of government bodies were aimed at the formation and refinement of lists of the latest technologies, namely the formation of the list of critical technologies (2011-2005), the revision and reduction of the list of critical technologies (2005-2010) and further refinement of the list of technologies (2010- 2015). It is concluded that in Russia the technotronic phase of modernization is coming. It is noted that the technotronic phase has passed several stages. First, it is electrification of the whole country, secondly, electronization and, thirdly, automation.