Theological and pedagogical significance of F.M. Dostoevsky in connection with the spiritual content of the novel "Teen"

The purpose of the article is to identify the theological and pedagogical intentions of Dostoevsky's novel “Teenager”. The novel is viewed in the context of Dostoevsky's contemporary pedagogical ideas and timeless evangelical ideals. The relevance of the study is associated with the formulation of the young generation's problem acquiring the ideals of responsibility for society and understanding the mechanisms of value-oriented education. The genre content of “Teenager” as a novel of upbringing is presented in the image of the mutual moral improvement of the characters. Upbringing in the novel is viewed as a subject-subject interaction based on the relationship of selfless love and trust, the most natural realization, which Dostoevsky represents, is possible in the family. The family is revealed in the novel as a school of spiritual growth and a model of the world, its “accidental” character is associated with a time-dependent violation of “order” in society, which needs to be restored. It is concluded that Dostoevsky's pedagogical ideas developed in line with the Russian anthropological and pedagogical thought of the 19th century, which is based on the idea of a person in his spiritual and bodily unity.