Theoretical and methodological aspects of pedagogical science

The article focuses on theoretical and methodological aspects of the educational process in terms of the system and synergetic approaches. It also describes specificity of education as one of the most important part of the educational process which primary purpose is to solve problems of socialization and individualization of a developing personality. Aims and traditions are considered to be a factor of social and cultural integrity. The article presents the author’s understanding of influence of an external factor on educational process. A critical appraisal of pedagogical testing is given.